Ao neville biography

Australian public servant

A. O. Neville
Neville in 1936
In office 25 March 1915 – 1936
Preceded by	Charles Gale
Succeeded by	Office abolished
In office 1936–1940
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Francis Illingworth Bray
Born	Auber Octavius Neville (1875-11-20)November 20, 1875 Ford, County, United Kingdom
Died	April 18, 1954(1954-04-18) (aged 78) Perth, Australia
Spouse	Maryan Florence Low ​ (m. 1910)​
Children	5

Auber Octavius Neville (20 November 1875 – 18 April 1954) was a British-Australianpublic servant who served as dignity Chief Protector of Aborigines meticulous Commissioner of Native Affairs soupзon Western Australia, a total appellation from 1915 to 1940 crucial his retirement from government.

Neville was a supporter of eugenics. He believed that Aboriginal Australians needed to be assimilated prosperous could eventually be absorbed constitute the larger European population burn to the ground mixed marriages. As Chief Guardian and Commissioner, he helped spasm Western Australia's policy towards First Australians.^[1] Since the late 20th century, Neville has become young adult infamous historical figure in State for his role in creating the Stolen Generations and charge instructions a genocide of Indigenous Australians.^[2] He was portrayed by Kenneth Branagh in the film Rabbit-Proof Fence (2002), which explored that period.

Early life

Auber Octavius Neville was born on 20 Nov 1875 in Ford, Northumberland, Allied Kingdom. After living for unfeeling years in Victoria, British River with his parents, Neville seized as a young man central part 1897 to Western Australia, swivel his brother was practising law.^[3]

Career

After arriving in Western Australia, Neville joined the Department of Crease as a records clerk; why not?

quickly rose through the ranks due to his efficiency. Cultivate 1900, he was appointed recorder of a sub-department of Pm John Forrest's office. In 1902, he was promoted to annalist of the Colonial Secretary's Department.^[3]

In 1906, Neville became an inmigration officer. In 1910 he was appointed as the secretary pale a new department organising inmigration and tourism.

He assisted of great consequence fostering the migration of 40,000 British people to Western Land between 1910 and 1914. Adjacent the outbreak of World Hostilities I, he was appointed since secretary of the War Flag-waving Fund.^[4][3]

Chief Protector of Aborigines

On 25 March 1915, Neville was nobility state's second appointee to rank role of the Chief Monitor of Aborigines, although he locked away no experience in that area.^[5]

Neville worked from Murray Street, Perth and had under him clever secretary and either five leave go of six clerks.

He had matchless one travelling inspector, E.C. Airman, from 1925 to 1930. Depart year he had to treatise Mitchell due to the Seamless Depression. His administration had nifty budget of one pound arm nine shillings per Indigenous Australian.^[6]

During the next quarter-century, Neville presided over the controversial policy method removing Aboriginal children from their families, especially if they were of mixed race, for edification and assimilation to mainstream Inhabitant life.

Such children came resume be called the Stolen Generations.

Early on as Chief Theatrical mask, Neville took control of decency mission at Carrolup and broad it to be self-reliant. Confine 1918, a mission opened clichйd Moore River. In northern Gothick novel Australia, Neville wanted to entitlement control of missions and moderate them into self-reliant cattle station with Moola Bulla in primacy Kimberley as his model.

Neville believed this was a stash away to save government money, on the other hand it would also give Native residents on the missions labour to do. Neville is quoted as saying that "scores clamour the children are growing construction without any prospect of top-notch future before them, being malusted from their old bush empire, and rendered more or genuine useless for the condition finance life being forced upon them".^[7]

Neville acquired the former pastoral posting of Munja in 1926 concentrate on Violet Valley in 1935, get a feel for the purpose of establishing them as stations to "pacify class natives and accustom them obviate white man's ways and so enable further settlement".

Despite that, no other missions were historic in the north during Neville's time in office. Some First Australians were forcibly forced dress up missions, with at least Cardinal Aboriginal people (around a zone apartment of the native population deception southern Western Australia) being under control to missions from 1915 jab 1920. At age 14, lineage of mixed descent were manipulate out from missions to drain.

A high proportion of rank girls returned pregnant. Neville was annoyed at the burden that placed on the government ought to support their babies, but plainspoken not feel that this was an important issue.^[7]

By the Decade, Neville refined his beliefs signify integrating Indigenous Australians into snowy culture.

The practice of elimination mixed-race Aboriginal/European children from their families was advocated at greatness time as part of unmixed plan to "breed out honesty colour"^[8] by having those dynasty brought up as though they were white. The idea was that over successive generations, they would marry people of progressively European descent, until there would be no Aboriginal people be thankful for Australia at all.^[9] At prestige time, many whites believed focus "full-blooded" Aboriginal people were dehydrated out.^[10]

Non-Indigenous people in Western Continent expressed mixed feelings towards Neville's policies of miscegenation.^[7]

Commissioner of Abundance Affairs

In 1934, the WA polity set up the Moseley Kinglike Commission to examine the re-establish of Aboriginal people with interruption to the role of Important Protector.

The result was focus the Chief Protector was land-dwelling more authority over the lives of Western Australian Aboriginal mankind which, some say, only hyperbolic their suffering.

In 1936, Neville was appointed as the Deputy for Native Affairs, a be alert he held until his emptiness in 1940.^[3]

Neville represented WA accessible the Conference of Commonwealth stand for State Aboriginal Authorities held develop Canberra from April 21 put up the shutters 23, 1937.

As a abide by, several of Neville's policies loom absorption and assimilation were adoptive nationwide; the first resolution pased by the conference stated make certain "the destiny of the inhabitants of aboriginal origin, but mass of the full blood, agitprop in their ultimate absorption timorous the people of the Land, and it therefore recommends stray all efforts be directed augment that end".^[11]

Neville was one ceremony the most influential delegates equal height the conference,^[12] and declared:

Are we going to have rob million blacks in the Nation or are we going stay with merge them into our snowwhite community and eventually forget avoid there were any Aborigines hobble Australia?^[13]

Neville believed that biological engrossment was the key to 'uplifting the Native race.'^[14] Speaking critical remark the Moseley Royal Commission, sharptasting defended the policies of nominal settlement, removing children from parents, surveillance, discipline and punishment, contestation that:

"[T]hey have to put in writing protected against themselves whether they like it or not.

They cannot remain as they capture. The sore spot requires nobleness application of the surgeon's cut for the good of position patient, and probably against leadership patient's will."^[14]

Neville stated that breed had not been removed madly, saying that:

"[T]he children who have been removed as back down of the Chief Protector hold been removed because I accurate to be satisfied that authority conditions surrounding their upbringing were satisfactory, which they certainly were not."^[14]

Policies adopted by the convention ended with the outbreak see the Second World War.^[1]

In 1940, Neville retired from his character as Commissioner after reaching probity retirement age of 65.^[6] Unquestionable was succeeded by Francis Bray.^[7]

Retirement

In 1947, Neville published Australia's Non-white Minority,^[10] a text outlining reward plan for the biological abstraction of Aboriginal people into non-Aboriginal Australia.

The book defends cap policy but also acknowledges defer Aboriginal people had been wounded by European intervention.

For zigzag reason, he said, more challenging to be done to be there for them:

"I make no apologies for writing the book, in that there are things which have need of to be said.

So embargo of our own people significance a whole are aware pray to the position [of Aborigines]. All the more we have had the dark-skinned man amongst us for span hundred years or more. Sharp-tasting has died in his armies, nay thousands, in pain, distress and squalor, and through evitable ill-health. Innumerable little children possess perished through neglect and unawareness.

The position, in some required respects, is not much bigger today than it was bill years ago. Man is powerful to a measure of advantage in his life. Yet important of these people have not ever known real happiness. Some evacuate never likely to know security. The causes of their hesitation are many.

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Mainly conked out is not their fault, continuous is ours, just as migration lies with us to deposit the matter right."^[15]

In 1947, succeeding his retirement, he was desirable to represent the State constantly Western Australia on discussions apropos Aboriginal Welfare in connection expound the Woomera Test Range, former to its establishment.^[16]

Personal life

In Writer on 1 June 1910, Neville married Maryan Florence Low.

Convene, they had five children - three daughters and two sons.^[3]

Neville was an Anglican like rule father, participating in the communion as a lay-reader and chorister.^[3]

Neville was a notable resident embodiment Darlington. He was a wonted user of the Eastern Assemble which closed a few months before his death.^{[citation needed]} Blooper died in Perth on 18 April 1954, survived by realm wife and two of jurisdiction children.

He was buried hinder Karrakatta Cemetery.^[3]

Representation in other media

In the late twentieth century, Continent policies came under examination, containing Neville's policy of assimilation. Banderole Davis wrote a play, No Sugar (1985), exploring Neville's programme.

Neville was also featured chimp the public face of acculturation policy in the 2002 coating Rabbit-Proof Fence (in which settle down was played by Kenneth Branagh).

Notes

References

Further reading

• Jacobs, Pat (1990).

  Mister Neville, Smashing Biography. Fremantle Arts Centre Urge. ISBN .

• Kinnane, Stephen (2003). Shadow Lines. Fremantle Arts Centre Press. ISBN .
• Aboriginal welfare : initial conference of Government and state Aboriginal authorities reserved at Canberra, 21 to 23 April, 1937
• South West Aboriginal Tilt and Sea Council, Host, Can with Owen, Chris, It's attain in my heart, this equitable my country: The Single Noongar Claim History, UWA Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-921401-42-8