Jang do il biography definition

(1941-2011)

Who Was Kim Author Il?

Much of Kim Jong Il's persona is based on copperplate cult of personality, meaning drift legend and official North Asiatic government accounts describe his convinced, character and actions in immovable that promote and legitimize top leadership, including his birth.

Cheer the years, Kim's dominating makeup and complete concentration of laboriousness has come to define honourableness country North Korea.

Early Life

Kim Writer Il was born on Feb 16, 1941, though official economics place his birth a period later. Some mystery surrounds considering that and where Kim Jong Require was born.

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Official North Peninsula biographies state that his ancestry occurred on February 16, 1942, in a secret camp category Mount Paekdu along the Sinitic border, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). Other reports indicate he was born a year later hold Vyatskoye in the former State Union.

During World War II, wreath father commanded the 1st Contingent of the Soviet 88th Division, composed of Chinese and Altaic exiles battling the Japanese Flock.

Kim Jong Il's mother was Kim Jong Suk, his father's first wife. Official accounts top that Kim Jong Il be accessibles from a family of nationalists who actively resisted imperialism diverge the Japanese in the awkward 20th century.

His official government story claims Kim Jong Il done his general education between Sept 1950 and August 1960 pavement Pyongyang, the current capital eliminate of North Korea.

But scholars point out that the cap few years of this put in writing were during the Korean Combat and contend his early care took place in the People's Republic of China, where dwelling was safer to live. Well-founded accounts claim that throughout fillet schooling, Kim was involved slot in politics. While attending the Namsan Higher Middle School in Pyongyang, he was active in significance Children's Union—a youth organization prowl promotes the concept of Juche, or the spirit of self-reliance—and the Democratic Youth League (DYL), taking part in the scan of Marxist political theory.

Over his youth, Kim Jong Disgusting showed an interest in fastidious wide range of subjects plus agriculture, music, and mechanics. Concern high school, he took coaching in automotive repair and participated in trips to farms other factories. Official accounts of climax early schooling also point circulate air his leadership capabilities: as set chairman of his school's DYL branch, he encouraged younger classmates to pursue greater ideological rearing and organized academic competitions coupled with seminars as well as fountain pen trips.

Kim Jong Il graduated immigrant Namsan Higher Middle School take on 1960 and enrolled the by a long way year at Kim Il Harmonic University.

He majored in Collectivist political economy and minored direct philosophy and military science. Exhaustively at the university, Kim payment as an apprentice in splendid textile machine factory and took classes in building TV outer shell equipment. During this time, take action also accompanied his father internment tours of field guidance call a halt several of North Korea's provinces.

Rise to Power

Kim Jong Il coupled the Workers' Party, the legal ruling party of North Peninsula, in July 1961.

Most state experts believe the party displaces the traditions of Stalinist government even though North Korea began distancing itself from Soviet influence in 1956. The Workers' Regulation claims to have its unearth ideology, steeped in the idea of Juche. However, in righteousness late 1960s, the party instituted a policy of "burning loyalty" to the "Great Leader" (Kim Il Sung).

This practice spick and span personality cult is reminiscent forestall Stalinist Russia but was expressionless to new heights with Disappear Il Sung and would persist with Kim Jong Il.

Soon provision his 1964 graduation from ethics university, Kim Jong Il began his rise through the ranks of the Korean Workers' Social gathering.

The 1960s were a firmly of high tension between numberless Communist countries. China and authority Soviet Union were clashing halt ideological differences that resulted cover several border skirmishes, Soviet hanger-on nations in Eastern Europe were simmering with dissention, and Northerly Korea was pulling away distance from both Soviet and Chinese smooth.

Within North Korea, internal stay were attempting to revise depiction party's revolutionary message. Kim Author Il was appointed to leadership Workers' Party Central Committee top lead the offensive against say publicly revisionists and ensure the piece did not deviate from high-mindedness ideological line set by potentate father. He also led efforts to expose dissidents and divergent policies to ensure strict execution of the party's ideological custom.

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In addition, recognized took on major military rectify to strengthen the party's win of the military and expelled disloyal officers.

Kim Jong Il oversaw the Propaganda and Agitation wing, the government agency responsible crave media control and censorship. Tail off gave firm instructions that decency party's monolithic ideological message note down communicated constantly by writers, artists, and officials in the telecommunications.

According to official accounts, do something revolutionized Korean fine arts hunk encouraging the production of newborn works in new media. That included the art of lp and cinema. Mixing history, state ideology, and movie-making, Kim pleased the production of several stupendous films, which glorified works designed by his father.

His authoritative biography claims that Kim Writer Il has composed six operas and enjoys staging elaborate musicals. Kim is reported to remark an avid film buff who owns more than 20,000 flicks, including the entire series female James Bond films, for monarch personal enjoyment.

Kim Il Sung began preparing his son to contain North Korea in the badly timed 1970s.

Between 1971 and 1980, Kim Jong Il was fitted to increasingly important positions essential the Korean Workers' Party. By this time, he instituted policies to bring party officials sound out to the people by forcing bureaucrats to work among subordinates for one month a crop. He launched the Three-Revolution Band Movement, in which teams gradient political, technical, and scientific technicians traveled around the country end provide training.

He was as well involved in economic planning commerce develop certain sectors of decency economy.

By the 1980s, preparations were being made for Kim turn to succeed his father as rectitude leader of North Korea. Incensed this time, the government began building a personality cult consort Kim Jong Il patterned tail that of his father.

Reasonable as Kim Il Sung was known as the "Great Leader," Kim Jong Il was hailed in the North Korean telecommunications as the "fearless leader" very last "the great successor to authority revolutionary cause." His portraits exposed in public buildings along down his father's. He also initiated a series of drop-in inspections of businesses, factories, and control offices.

At the Sixth Assemblage Congress in 1980, Kim Writer Il was given senior posts in the Politburo (the procedure committee of the Korean Workers' Party), the Military Commission, presentday the Secretariat (the executive wing charged with carrying out policy). Thus, Kim was positioned get to control all aspects of dignity government.

The one area of control in which Kim Jong Confront might have had a seeming weakness was the military.

Character army was the foundation register power in North Korea, unthinkable Kim had no military dwell in experience. With the assistance exercise allies in the military, Tail off was able to gain espousal by the army officials since the next leader of Northern Korea. By 1991, he was designated as the supreme head of state of the Korean People's Crowd, thus giving him the factor he needed to maintain accurate control of the government soon he took power.

Following the end of Kim Il Sung just the thing July 1994, Kim Jong Go above took total control of blue blood the gentry country.

This transition of brutality from father to son abstruse never been seen before divulge a communist regime. In think a lot of to his father, the department of president was abolished, nearby Kim Jong Il took influence titles of general secretary slap the Workers' Party and president of the National Defense Catnap, which was declared the principal office of the state.

Foreign Walk out and Nuclear Testing

It is cap to understand that much a few Kim Jong Il's persona assessment based on a cult behove personality, meaning that legend unthinkable official North Korean government back describe his life, character, remarkable actions in ways that put up the money for and legitimize his leadership.

Examples include his family's nationalist radical roots and claims that crown birth was foretold by spiffy tidy up swallow, the appearance of straight double rainbow over Mount Paekdu, and a new star predicament the heavens. He is renowned to personally manage the country's affairs and sets operational guidelines for individual industries.

He problem said to be arrogant meticulous self-centered in policy decisions, unreservedly blatantly rejecting criticism or opinions zigzag differ from his. He practical suspicious of nearly all precision those who surround him obscure volatile in his emotions. Contemporary are many stories of monarch eccentricities, his playboy lifestyle, righteousness lifts in his shoes survive pompadour hairstyle that make him appear taller, and his anxiety of flying.

Some stories get close be verified while others downside most likely exaggerated, possibly circulated by foreign operatives from anti countries.

In the 1990s, North Choson went through a series time off devastating and debilitating economic episodes. With the collapse of nobility Soviet Union in 1991, Northernmost Korea lost its main mercantile partner.

Strained relations with Crockery following China's normalization with Southerly Korea in 1992 further circumscribed North Korea's trade options. Minutes floods in 1995 and 1996 followed by drought in 1997 crippled North Korea's food compromise. With only 18 percent claim its land suitable for 1 in the best of previous, North Korea began experiencing copperplate devastating famine.

Worried about diadem position in power, Kim Author Il instituted the Military Gain victory policy, which prioritized national funds to the military. Thus, ethics military would be pacified build up remain in his control. Grow faint could defend himself from threats domestic and foreign, while vulgar conditions worsened. The policy plain-spoken produce some economic growth extra along with some socialist-type barter practices—characterized as a "flirtation pertain to capitalism"—North Korea has been humourless to remain operational despite existence heavily dependent on foreign sincere for food.

In 1994, the Pol administration and North Korea unanimous to a framework designed message freeze and eventually dismantle Northward Korea's nuclear weapons program.

Go to see exchange, the United States would provide assistance in producing bend in half power-generating nuclear reactors and providing fuel oil and other poor aid. In 2000, the presidents of North Korea and Southmost Korea met for diplomatic negotiation and agreed to promote reconcilement and economic cooperation between ethics two countries.

The agreement permissible families from both countries resolve reunite and signaled a involve toward increased trade and consuming. For a time, it arrived that North Korea was reentering the international community.

Then in 2002, U.S. intelligence agencies suspected Northernmost Korea was enriching uranium subjugation building the facilities to take apart so, presumably for making atomic weapons.

In his 2002 Disclose of the Union address, Steersman George W. Bush identified Boreal Korea as one of glory countries in the "axis ensnare evil" (along with Iraq meticulous Iran). The Bush administration in a little while revoked the 1994 treaty deliberate to eliminate North Korea's 1 weapons program.

Finally, in 2003, Kim Jong Il's government manifest to having produced nuclear weapons for security purposes, citing tensions with President Bush. Late talk to 2003, the Central Intelligence Organizartion issued a report that Ad northerly Korea possessed one and perhaps at all two nuclear bombs. The Asian government stepped in to transnational to mediate a settlement, nevertheless President Bush refused to becoming with Kim Jong Il rise up and instead insisted on quadrilateral negotiations.

China was able tell somebody to gather Russia, Japan, South Peninsula, and the United States be a symbol of negotiations with North Korea. Talk over were held in 2003, 2004, and twice in 2005. Vagabond through the meetings, the Weed factory administration demanded North Korea shed its nuclear weapons program. Directly adamantly maintained any normalcy nucleus relations between North Korea take precedence the United States would lose it about only if North Peninsula changed its human rights policies, eliminated all chemical and untreated weapons programs, and ended bullet technology proliferation.

North Korea ceaselessly rejected the proposal. In 2006, North Korea's Central News Commitee announced North Korea had in triumph conducted an underground nuclear case test.

Failing Health

There have been uncountable reports and claims regarding Trail away Jong Il's health and earthly condition.

In August 2008, boss Japanese publication claimed Kim confidential died in 2003 and difficult been replaced with a double for public appearances. It was also noted that Kim hadn't made a public appearance be pleased about the Olympic torch ceremony admire Pyongyang in April 2008. Afterwards Kim failed to show move for a military parade celebrating North Korea's 60th anniversary, U.S.

intelligence agencies believed Kim tender be gravely ill after perhaps suffering a stroke. During rank fall of 2008, numerous tidings sources gave conflicting reports controversial his condition. The North Asian news agency reported Kim participated in national elections in Stride 2009 and was unanimously select to a seat in birth Supreme People's Assembly, the Northward Korean parliament.

The assembly drive vote later to confirm him as chairman of the Public Defense Commission. In the article, it was said Kim sorrowful his ballot at the Diminish Il Sung University and closest toured the facility and talked to a small group imitation people.

Kim's health was watched as one by other countries because scrupulous his volatile nature, the country's possession of nuclear weapons, topmost its precarious economic condition.

Disappear also had no apparent progeny = \'pretty damned quick\' to his regime, as outspoken his father. His three heirs spent most of their lives outside the country and nobody seemed to be in rectitude favor of the "Dear Leader" to ascend to the crown spot. Many international experts reputed that when Kim died, roughly would be mayhem because present-day seemed to be no patent method for a transfer mimic power.

But due to influence North Korean government's predilection cart secrecy, this was too condensed to know.

In 2009, however, rumour reports revealed that Kim projected to name his son, Trail away Jong Un as his offspring. Very little was known be aware Kim's heir apparent; until 2010, only one officially confirmed slide of Jong Un existed, become peaceful not even his official birthdate had been revealed.

The twenty-something was officially confirmed in Sep 2010.

Final Days and Death

Kim Jon-Il died December 17, 2011, position a heart attack while motion on a train. Media deed say the leader was fancy a work trip for well-founded duties. Upon news of Interpretation Dear Leader's death, North Koreans marched on the capital, whimpering distressing and mourning.

Kim is aforesaid to be survived by iii wives, three sons and troika daughters. Other reports claim subside has fathered 70 children, maximum of whom are housed sieve villas throughout North Korea.

His kid, Kim Jong Un, is prevalent to take up leadership, focus on the military pledged to assist Jong Un's succession.

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• Name: Kim
• Birth Year: 1941
• Birth date: February 16, 1941
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Tail off Jong Il's dominating personality trip complete concentration of power enjoy come to define the land North Korea.
• Astrological Sign: Aquarius
• Schools
• Namsan More Middle School
• Kim Il Sung University
• Death Year: 2011
• Death date: December 17, 2011

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• Article Title: Kim Jong Il Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/kim-jong-il
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Mash Networks
• Last Updated: April 20, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014